Iris Publishers_Journal of Textile Science & Fashion Technology (JTSFT)

Pre-Post Washing Comparison for Horizontal Wicking Behavior of Three Types of Knits in Different Fiber- Contents

TThe study examined pre and post wash horizontal wicking of interlock, jersey and pique knits in various fiber-contents using AATCC 198-2013. Impact of weight, thickness and count was also examined. Multiple regression, paired t-test and repeated measure one factor test were used to test the hypotheses. Findings revealed that collectively all types of knits had higher wicking in post than pre-wash state. Differences were significant for different knit structures for different fiber contents. Effect of wash as well as type of knit was found to be significant. Weight, thickness and count contributed differentially to the wicking ability of knits in pre and post wash settings. Results have implications for future research and use where comfort and moisture management are important considerations.
Keywords:Horizontal wicking; Pre-post washing/laundering; Moisture management; Knit fabrics; Fiber content

Introduction

 The concept of wicking and moisture management gained popularity at the beginning of the new century. With an increased interest in healthy living and exercising, consumer has begun to value moisture management more than ever before. Wicking behavior of textiles is related to comfort and has gained popularity in active, casual and sportswear. Loosely knitted fabrics exhibited high air permeability, but low moisture management ability [1]. The authors also asserted that an increase in fabric count decreased air permeability, but improved moisture management [2]. However, they did not address so for different types of weft knits.
Another researcher reported that fabric thickness slowed the vertical wicking process. However, an increase in elastane increased the wicking height [3]. The impact of washing on several structural attributes and dimensional stability was examined in another study [4]. The findings revealed that repeated laundering resulted in increased weight, thickness, shrinkage, dimensional stability and cover factor of the woven fabric. Similar findings were reported in another study for jersey knit except the cover factor that was not examined [4]. Prior research did not consider different types of knits and fiber contents in one study collectively for understanding wicking behavior of knitted fabrics comprehensively.

Tortora and Merkel (629-630) defined wicking as the “passage of liquid through or along the interstices in a permeable material” [5]. AATCC unofficially published some of the techniques to measure absorbency and moisture management in 2004. Even though the concept of understanding the importance of wicking behavior has been of utmost importance to textile manufacturers, retailers and chemical suppliers, the first two standards for vertical and horizontal wicking were not developed until 2013 [6]. These tests use time and spread to calculate the wicking rate. The manual defines wicking as the movement of the liquid through capillary action across the material.

Wicking helps with moisture management that results in comfort for the heating body in the hot weathers and transitioning body in the changing weathers. Despite the movement of moving toward understanding wicking behavior literature had limited information on variety of knits that are available in the market. Some researchers reported that wicking gets better after laundering [4- 7]. Another study found that it reduced after washing the garment due to tightness resulting from shrinkage and left-over residue of detergent [4]. Additionally, impact of structural attributes such as fiber content, count, thickness, and weight are generally reported in several studies for selected fabric constructions in a limited manner. The tightness and increased thickness could impact horizontal wicking adversely and needs to be examined further. One study (Telli & Ozdil, 2015) examined the impact of recycled PET on several performance attributes including dimensional stability [8].

Another study reported on impact of different knit structures and fiber contents on bursting strength and extension [9]. However, none of the previous studies examined three types of knits for different fiber contents collectively to demonstrate the differing behavior for horizontal wicking. Therefore, the reported study was undertaken to examine horizontal wicking for three types of knits. The purpose of the study was twofold. First, to demonstrate that fabrics with different fiber contents could differ for their wicking ability. Second, same fiber content could differ in washed and unwashed forms.


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