Iris Publishers_Journal of Textile Science & Fashion Technology (JTSFT)

Braided Rope Sensor Based on Carbon Nanotube Yarn

Abstract

Carbon nanotube (CNT) is exhibited outstanding electrical, mechanical, and structural properties. CNT yarn is widely used in textile structures as multifunctional yarn and is suitable as strain sensor. Here, use two methods for braiding CNT yarn into rope to make sensing ropes. The properties of CNT yarn and different ropes were tested, then according to the result the best method was chosen for the preparation of sensing rope. Results show the CNT yarn have enough strength to be used in braiding process, CNT embedded rope structure has more stable sensing property than CNT braided rope structure. The rope has approximately ≥7% resistance change ratio per 10% strain, so the embedded rope structure is the optimal structure for sensing rope. The sensing rope will help to improve the development of strain sensor in textile structure.


Introduction

Carbon nanotube (CNT) is exhibited outstanding electrical, mechanical, and structural properties, and proved to be an extremely promising candidate for various applications in material science [1-5]. At present, there are three commonly used methods for the preparation of CNT yarns: direct spinning, solution spinning and carbon nanotube array spinning. Carbon nanotube array spinning is the better method to prepare CNT yarns currently [6].

Carbon nanotube yarns are widely used in textile structures as multifunctional yarns. They have piezoresistive effect and can be used as strain sensors [7,8], such as nondestructive testing, which are mainly used for crack propagation of composites. Carbon nanotube yarns can be combined with a variety of materials such as bandages, gloves, socks and so on to monitor and prevent. At the same time, carbon nanotube yarns have excellent mechanical and electrical properties, so they can be used in many fields, such as conductive materials, pressure sensing materials, microstrip antennas and so on.

However, CNT yarns have not been used in rope braiding. Ropes usually need to bear huge force, and their unexpected rupture would bring hidden dangers [9]. If CNT yarn strain sensors are used in ropes, the stress situation of the rope would be observed, and rupture caused by unbearable force would be prevented. But there are many limitations in current CNT yarn preparation methods. Single CNT yarns still have some weaknesses, such as minor diameter, poor abrasion resistance, easy to produce too much hairiness in preparation, so it is difficult to realize industrial application [10].

In order to obtain sensing rope, the CNT film was twisted into a yarn and embedded in the rope to achieve the preparation of the rope sensor. With this process, the CNT yarn could have enough diameter and mechanical properties to be braided in ropes. The optimal braiding structure for sensing rope was also discussed.

Experimental Section

Preparation of CNT yarn

To make a large-diameter and high-strength CNT yarn, twisting a CNT strip to form a composite yarn. The diameter, twist angle and CNT volume fraction of the yarn are controllable by adjusting the film strip’s width and twisting process. In addition, the twisting process provides shear force, which improves the yarn’s surface orientation.

Figure 1a shows the schematic diagram of twisting process. Here’s the operation steps: Cut the CNT film into strips. Set the rotating speed of the twisting motor. Fix both ends of the strip to prevent untwisting. Then start the twisting machine for yarn preparation. Figure 1b shows the CNT yarn.

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